Leonid Ishkov was born in the city of Ryabinski, Russia, in 1885. He got his primary education at a gymnasium. In 1911, he graduated from Moscow University, and embarked on a teaching career. In 1916, he was invited to teach general history at a women`s gymnasium in Tbilisi. In 1917, he was elected a privatdozent at Trancaucasian University. He sat on Tbilisi City Duma, and in 1917 was elected a representative for the Caucasian Education District. He contributed to the founding of Tbilisi National University, which he head until returning to Baku. In November of 1919, Leonid Ishkov was invited to the Faculty of History and Philology, Baku State University. In February of 1920, he was secretary at the faculty, heading it from 1922 to 1926. From 1919 to 1927, he served as a professor at the Department of General History. In November 1920, Leonid Ishkov was elected a professor at the Department of Economic Sciences, Baku Polytechnic Institute. He also worked as director of the city library.